An interactive map of 2166 electricity substations at 400, 220 and 110 kV in Poland, together with 76 grid investments announced in official development plans. Hover over any point to see the voltages, the operator and what that means for a project.
The distance to a substation is the first filter when assessing a location. Not the last one, but the first: without a sensible point at which to export capacity, the rest of the analysis does not matter.
The colour of a point corresponds to the highest voltage at the substation. Red is 400 kV, amber is 220 kV, green is 110 kV. Clicking opens the details together with a link to the source in OpenStreetMap.
The choice of voltage level is not an investor's preference. It follows from the capacity of the installation and from what physically exists in the area.
| Level | Who manages it | What it means in practice |
|---|---|---|
| 400 kV | PSE | The transmission grid. This is where applications for the largest capacities go: utility-scale farms, large energy storage facilities, data centres. The cost and the time of connection are the highest, but it is the only route for projects counted in hundreds of megawatts. |
| 220 kV | PSE | The older layer of the transmission grid, being replaced step by step by 400 kV. Still significant locally, especially in Silesia and in Warsaw. |
| 110 kV (GPZ) | Distribution operators | Main supply points. This is where the vast majority of renewable and energy storage projects in Poland connect. The application is filed with the operator competent for the given area, not with one chosen by the investor. |
The competent operator follows from where the plot lies. The areas are divided between PGE Dystrybucja, Tauron Dystrybucja, Energa-Operator and Enea Operator. The legal framework for connections, the tariffs and the approval of development plans are supervised by the Urząd Regulacji Energetyki (Energy Regulatory Office).
How the grid connection procedure works →Below are 76 grid projects drawn solely from official documents: the PSE transmission grid development plan and the development plans of five distribution operators agreed with URE. Every entry leads to its source.
| Project | Operator | Scope | Date |
|---|
For most of the distribution operators' entries the budget column reads no data. That is not a gap in the compilation but the limit of disclosure: Art. 16 of the Energy Law allows the amounts to be withheld from the published part of a development plan.
We verify the real availability of capacity at a specific point, the planning status of the municipality and the legal status of the plot, and then secure the land by contract. The first assessment of a location is free.
Substation locations come from the OpenStreetMap database, downloaded through the Overpass API on 14 September 2026, under the ODbL licence. The 400 and 220 kV layer is practically complete and consistent with the published course of the transmission grid. The 110 kV layer counts more than two thousand substations and is well suited to an initial screening of locations, but its completeness depends on the work of the OSM community. Treat it as a strong starting point, not as an official register.
For some substations the operator is not tagged in OSM. Rather than guess, we mark such points as unknown. The same applies to names: a few substations have no name in the database and appear on the map without a label.
Investments were collected from the PSE transmission grid development plan for 2025–2034 and from the draft plan for 2027–2036, as well as from the development plans of PGE Dystrybucja, Tauron Dystrybucja, Enea Operator, Energa-Operator and Stoen Operator for 2026–2031 agreed with URE. We did not use press reports as a primary source.
This is our own compilation, not an operator's publication. Before an investment decision the position should be verified at source. The map does not contain and never will contain the locations of projects run by Arena Energy or by our clients.
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