Power grid infrastructure
Arena Energy — Resources — Battery Energy Storage (BESS)

Land for battery energy storage in Poland.

We source locations, secure them under contract, and guide them through the planning process, up to the stage at which you want to take over the project. For funds and developers entering the Polish market without their own structure on the ground.

01 — Why Poland, Why Now

Storage beat gas and that changed the calculation

The Polish energy storage market has stopped being a promise. In the main auction of the capacity market for delivery year 2029, storage facilities secured more contracts than the new gas-fired power plants the operator had counted on.

~2,5 GW
energy storage capacity awarded 17-year contracts in the auction for delivery year 2029
17 years
length of the capacity contract, the basis for structuring debt financing
~90 GW
capacity reserved under grid connection conditions relating to energy storage
8–10 GW
target storage capacity in Poland by 2030

The clearing price of this auction was 264,90 zł per kilowatt per year, and total capacity obligations reached over 8 GW. Contracts went to, among others, PGE, Tauron, Energa, Columbus Energy and Unimot. For an investor, this means one thing: a storage facility in Poland now has a predictable, multi-year revenue stream that a financial model can be built on, not just a speculative bet on price arbitrage.

Foreign capital has already noticed. Industry press has reported portfolio transactions in the region of 1,3 GW and 5,2 GWh being concluded on the Polish market. Capital is ceasing to be the bottleneck; access to land with a realistic prospect of grid connection is becoming one instead.

02 — Specifics

Land for a storage facility is not just a smaller version of land for solar

This is the most common mistake we see among entities entering the Polish market: carrying over criteria from PV projects. A storage facility needs several times less land, but is far more particular about where it stands and what it stands on.

A plot rejected as too small for a solar farm can be ideal for a BESS. And conversely: an extensive, cheap plot far from a substation may not be suitable for storage at all.

  • Proximity to the substation is critical. For PV, the distance to the substation (GPZ) affects cost. For storage, it often determines feasibility outright. The entire value of the project rests on two-way power exchange with the grid.
  • Ground bearing capacity. Battery containers create point loads that are not comparable to panel mounting structures. Geotechnical surveys need to be done early, not at the building-design stage.
  • Access for heavy transport. Containers are delivered whole. The access road, turning radii, and the load capacity of culverts can be a real constraint.
  • Fire safety requirements and setback distances. Fire safety for storage facilities affects the layout of the installation, access for the fire service, and relations with neighbours, and the regulations in this area are currently being amended.
  • The planning process can be easier than for wind. A storage facility is not subject to the same local zoning plan (MPZP) regime as a wind farm. In the absence of an MPZP, the usual route is a planning permission decision (WZ).
03 — Our Model

We source, we secure, we manage the planning process

We don't sell a list of plots. We sell a location brought to an agreed stage of preparation: the stage at which you want to take it over.

04 — Handover Stages

At which stage do you want to enter

The earlier, the lower the entry cost and the higher the risk. The later, the closer to a ready-made asset. We work across all of these models.

We set the scope and timeline of each stage individually. They depend on the location, the available connection capacity, and the planning situation in the given municipality. We don't promise deadlines we have no influence over, because decisions are issued by administrative bodies and network operators.

  • You enter without building a team. Land scouting, negotiations with farmers, and handling administrative proceedings require people on the ground and knowledge of local conditions. Hiring and onboarding such a team is a matter of quarters.
  • The language and cultural barrier disappears. We conduct discussions with landowners, municipal heads, and municipal councils in Polish, in the local context. We report to you in your language, to a Western standard.
  • Cost is variable, not fixed. You pay for specific locations and specific stages, not for maintaining a structure that generates costs regardless in a weaker quarter.
  • Social risk under control. We maintain a dialogue with the municipality and residents from the pre-development stage onward. Local opposition can stop a project more effectively than a missing document.
  • Scaling without a proportional increase in structure. The portfolio can be expanded without increasing headcount on your side.
05 — For Market Entrants

You have a mandate for megawatts in Poland and no structure on the ground

This is the situation we work in most often: the board has approved expansion into Poland, there's a budget and a volume target, but no team, no contacts, and no knowledge of the procedures. Building this from scratch costs quarters that usually aren't in the schedule.

We're the layer that lets you start building a portfolio from month one, before any decisions on your own structure in Poland are made, or instead of them.

Full offer for investors and developers
06 — Portfolio

25 locations for battery energy storage

Storage is now our largest category of projects, from land secured under contract to locations with the planning process already under way.

25
BESS locations at various stages of preparation
~550 MW
combined capacity of solar projects prepared for investors
Wind
wind farm areas with secured lease agreements
16
voivodeships within the team's operational reach

We do not disclose investor names or exact locations, because we are bound by confidentiality agreements. Portfolio details, including technical parameters and the status of proceedings, are provided after signing an NDA.

07 — For Landowners

Do you have a plot suitable for a battery storage facility?

A storage facility takes up far less space than a solar farm, so a plot rejected as "too small for PV" can be ideal for a BESS. We check locations free of charge and without obligation.

When land is suitable for a storage facility

  • Proximity to a substation or medium-/high-voltage line. This is criterion number one, more important than area. The closer to the substation, the greater the chance of connection.
  • A small area is enough. A storage facility needs a fraction of the land required by a solar farm of comparable capacity.
  • Stable ground. Battery containers create concentrated loads. The land must have adequate ground bearing capacity.
  • Access for heavy transport. Containers are delivered whole, so road width and the load capacity of culverts matter.
  • Clear legal title. Clear ownership, with no disputes or mortgage encumbrances blocking the investment.
  • Soil class matters less than for solar, but wasteland and lower-class land still simplify the procedures.

What working with us looks like

  • Submitting is free. You provide the cadastral district and plot number. We check the rest ourselves in public registers.
  • Verification within 48–72 h. We check the distance to the grid, planning conditions, and legal status.
  • You bear no costs. Analysis, procedures, and documentation are on our side.
  • Agreement before a notary with secured payments and rent indexation.
  • Land returns to its original condition after the agreement ends. Dismantling and land restoration are borne by the investor.
Submit your plot for free

Rates are set individually for each location. Unlike solar, where the rent is calculated mainly from area, for a storage facility the value is determined by the power and capacity of the installation and the quality of the connection point itself. A plot with a small area but located right next to a substation can be worth more than a much larger site far from the grid. We present a specific proposal after a free verification of the location.

Much smaller than for a solar farm of comparable capacity. A storage facility is a compact, containerised installation with access roads and a substation, not an extensive field of panels. That's why plots considered too small for PV are often perfectly suited to BESS, provided they are close to the grid, which is a more important criterion here than area itself.

The closer, the better. Every kilometre of cable means cost and additional easements on other people's land. There is no single fixed limit, because the available capacity at a given grid point also matters. Proximity to a line doesn't guarantee connection, though: the line may be overloaded or require costly reconstruction. That's why we check not just the distance, but the real possibilities for connection.

Installations are designed in line with fire safety requirements, with appropriate setback distances, detection systems, and access for the fire service. A storage facility does not emit exhaust fumes or odours, and noise comes mainly from the cooling systems. Technical regulations for storage facilities are currently being amended, so every investment is designed according to the legal status in force on the day the permit is obtained.

During the preparatory period, before construction starts, usually yes, and the owner receives a lower reservation rent during this time. Once construction begins, the area occupied by the installation is taken over for the project and the full rate applies. The details are always set out in the agreement.

08 — Next Step

Tell us what you're looking for, and we'll find it and prepare it

Give us your criteria: connection capacity, preferred region, expected handover stage. We'll come back with a list of locations that meet these conditions, or a realistic assessment of what's missing.

Let's talk about your project
09 — Sources and Disclaimers

Where this data comes from

The results of the main capacity market auction for delivery year 2029, including the clearing price and the volume of contracts for energy storage, come from announcements by the Polish transmission system operator PSE (Polskie Sieci Elektroenergetyczne) and the Energy Regulatory Office (URE), as reported by industry outlets. Information on the capacity reserved under issued grid connection conditions comes from the Ministry of Energy (Ministerstwo Energii). Data on portfolio transactions comes from industry press reports.

Investment support for utility-scale storage facilities is provided by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management (NFOŚiGW) under a separate programme aimed at businesses, with capacity and capacity thresholds and periodic application rounds. It should not be confused with programmes for prosumers. The status and conditions of the current application round should be verified at the source on each occasion.

This material is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice. Regulations governing energy storage facilities, including technical and fire-safety requirements, are currently being amended, and some regulations remain at the draft stage. Grid connection conditions for each location are determined by the relevant network operator in an individual proceeding. Before making an investment decision, the legal status as of the relevant date should be verified and the advice of a Polish legal adviser should be sought.